Đề xuất giải pháp nâng cao khả năng chống giữ cho đường lò bị nén lún tại khu vực mỏ than nam Khe Tam

The Nam Khe Tam coal mine is operated, protected, explored, and exploited under the authority of the Dong Bac Corporation. Based on the estimated recoverable raw coal reserves of 5 million tonnes and the designed annual production capacity, the mine’s operational lifespan including the period of basic construction has been determined to be 14 years. During the basic construction phase, several challenges arise due to excavation activities passing through zones of unfavorable geological conditions. This study investigates the current state of deformation, subsidence, and the degradation of roadway support capacity in the Nam Khe Tam coal mine, where complex geological structures and significant mine pressure effects are prevalent. Through the analysis of monitoring data and on-site inspections, the authors identify the predominant mechanisms responsible for roadway compression and instability. Correspondingly, the paper develops methodological approaches for assessing geological characteristics and evaluating the existing excavation and support practices employed in the mine. Based on these analyses, the study proposes several reinforcement solutions aimed at improving roadway stability under the specific geological and mining conditions of the area. These include optimizing the support structures, applying support technologies compatible with the company’s existing systems, enhancing mine pressure control, and improving post-excavation reinforcement procedures.